LEARN GARO-(YET, STILL & ALREADY)

# ‘Yet’ in Negative Sentences Describing Something that has not happened:-- (ONG⋅KUJA / ONG⋅KUJAENGA)

Anga mesal cha∙kuja. (or 'cha∙kujaenga'). = I haven’t eaten my lunch yet. Cha∙a=eat. Cha∙kuja= not eaten. Mesal=lunch; meal eaten during daytime. Cha∙kujaenga=haven't eaten yet.

Anga kam ka∙kuja (or 'ka∙kujaenga'). = I am not working yet. Kam=work. Ka∙ja= does not work. Ka∙jaenga= not working. Ka∙kujaenga= not working yet.

Anga graduation matchotkujaenga. = I have not finished my graduation yet. Matchota= to finish. Matchotja= not finish. Matchotkujaenga= not finished yet.

Ua angna aganchakkuja. = He hasn't replied to me yet. Aganchaka= to reply. Aganchakkuja= not replied yet (when you expect   a reply)

Ua officechini re∙bapilkuja. = He hasn't returned from the office yet. Chini= from. Officechini= from office. Re∙bapilkuja= not returned yet.

Anga kam matchotkujaenga. = I haven't finished my work yet. Kam= work. Matchotkujaenga= not finished yet.

Anga koros ka∙a matchotkujaenga. = I haven't finished shopping yet. Koros ka∙a= to do shopping. Matchotkujaenga= not finished yet.

Na∙a angko ma∙sikuja. (or 'Na∙a angko ma∙sian ma∙sikuja') = You haven't known me yet. (Though you think you know me). Ma∙sia= to know or be familiar with somebody. Ma∙sija= does not know. Ma∙sikuja=  not knowing yet (does not know yet)

Na∙a mamingkoba nikkuja. (Nang∙ni nikani chu∙ongkuja) = You haven't seen anything yet. Nika= to see. Nikkuja= haven't seen yet. Mamingkoba=  nothing or anyting.

Anga uko grongna cholko man∙kuja. = I haven't got a chance to meet him yet. Gronga= meet. Grongna= to meet. Chol=  chance or opportunity.

#'Yet' in Question Sentences : (ONG⋅KUJAMA / ONG⋅KUJAENGAMA)

An∙ching uanona sokahama? = Are we there yet? Soka= to reach. Sokaha= to have reached the destination. ma= a question suffix Uanona= there; to that place.

Ua nokona sokbajokma?  = Is he home yet?  Soka= to reach. Sokba= to arrive the destination (towards the same destination as the speaker). ma= a question suffix Sokbajok= arrived.

Ua sokbahama?  = Has he arrived yet?

Nang∙ni bi∙atgipako uamang  watatjokma?  = Have they dispatched your order yet ? Bi∙a= to ask, to pray or to order. Bi∙atgipa= something that one ordered. ma= a question suffix Watata= to send or dispatch.

Ua nang∙na  agankujama?  = Hasn't he told you yet ? Ua nang∙na  agankujane?  = Hasn't he told you yet ? Agana= to speak; to say & to tell. Aganaha= said. Agankuja= yet to say; hasn't told yet.

Na∙a uko nikkujama? = Haven't you seen it yet ? Nikaha= seen. Nikkuja= hasn't seen.

Na∙a tusikujama? = Haven't you slept yet ? Tusia= sleep. Tusiaha= slept. Tusikuja= hasn't slept yet.

Na∙a uko knakujama? = Haven't you heard it yet ? Knaa= hear. Knaaha/ knajok= heard. Knakuja= not heard yet.

Na∙a cha∙mankujama? = Haven't you finished eating yet ? Cha∙a= to eat. Cha∙manaha/ Cha∙manjok= finished eating. Cha∙mankuja= not finished eating yet.

Na∙a chanchiman∙kujama? = Haven't you decided yet ? Chanchia= to think, ponder about or to make decision. Chanchiman∙aha= finished making decision. Chanchiman∙kuja= not decided yet.

Na∙a uko grongkujama? = Haven't you met him yet ? Gronga= to meet somebody. Grongaha= met somebody. Grongkuja= hasn't met.

Na∙a iako dake nikujane? = Haven't you tried it yet ? Daka= to do something. Nia= to see. Dake nia= to try something. Daka= to do something. Nia= to see. Dake nikuja= not tried yet.

Na∙a da∙onaba maina iako a∙bachengkujaenga? = Why haven't you started it yet? A∙bachenga= to begin or to start. A∙bachengaha/ A∙bachengjok = started. A∙bachengkuja= not started Enga= suffix showing continuos tense.

#'Uses of 'Still': (ONG⋅KUENGA / ONG⋅ENGKUA)

Anga poraikuenga. = I am still studying. Poraia= to study or to read. Poraienga = studying. Poraikuenga = still studying. Enga= suffix showing continuos tense.

Anga saksan ong∙engkua/ Anga bia ka∙kujaenga. = I am still single/ I am still unmarried. Saksan= alone or single. Saksan donga=  to stay or remain single. Saksan ong∙a = single (state). Saksan ong∙engkua= still remaining single. Enga= suffix showing continuos tense.

Anga an∙tangko ja∙manchakaha ine chanchiachim indiba ang somai gitan ong∙engkua. = I thought I was late but I'm still on time.  An∙tang= myself. An∙tangko= of myself. Ja∙man= last. Ja∙manchaka= late. Ja∙manchakaha=late ( as present perfect tense or past tense). Somai=time. somai gitan ong∙engkua=still on time.

Anga nang∙ko sengkuenga. = I am still waiting for you, Senga= to wait. Sengenga= waiting. Sengkuenga/ sengengkua= still waiting. Enga= suffix showing continuos tense.

Anga namkalaha indiba anga sam jakkalna nangkuenga. = I have gotten better but I'm still under medication. Nama= good. Namkala= better. Sam=medicine, Jakkala= use Jakkalna= to use. Nanga= need to or have to. Nangkuenga= still need to.

Anga nokon ong∙kuenga (or 'Anga nokonkuenga'). = I am still at home. Nok= home. Nokon= at home. Nokonkuenga/ nokon ong∙kuenga= Still at home.

Anga sokangkuja, ramaon ong∙kuenga. = I am not there yet, still on my way. Sokangkuja= not reach the destination yet. Rama= road, way. Ramaon= not anywhere else but on the way. Ramaon ong∙kuenga.= still on the way.

Anga chuttion ong∙engkua.(chutti matchotkuja) = I am still on leave. Chutti= on leave or holiday. Chuttion ong∙kuenga.= still on leave.

Andalbaengahachim, indiba ua bakraon re∙brangengkua. = It was getting dark, but he was still wandering in the wilderness. Andala= dark. Andalbaenga= getting dark. Andalbaengahachim= it was getting dark. Bakra= a field or wilderness. Re∙branga= to wander.  Re∙brangengkua= still wandering.

Angni atchutang tangengkua. = My grandfather is still alive. Tanga= live. Tangengkua= still alive.

An∙ching papi  ong∙engpittion, Kristo an∙chinga siaha. = While we were still sinners, Christ died for us. Pap= sin. Papi= sinner. Siaha= died.  Ong∙engpittion= to say that while something was still happening.

Anga ua salko gisik ra∙engkua. = I still remember that day. Sal= day. Ua salko= that day. Gisik ra∙a= remember. Gisik ra∙engkua= still remembering.

Uamang Shillongon songdongengkua. = They are still living in Shillong. Songdonga= to settle;to reside or to stay permanrntly in a place. Songdongengkua= still residing in a particular place.

#'Uses of 'Already': (ONG⋅MANSOAHA/ ONG⋅MANJOK/  ONG⋅MANSOJOK / ONG⋅PILJOK/ ONG⋅PILENGJOK )

An∙ching ja∙manchakmanaha jensomaio  skulona sokaha. = We were already late when we reached the school. Ja∙manchaka= late. Ja∙manchakmanaha= already late. Jensomaio= "While", "When" or "during that time".

Saljatchi ong∙pilaha indiba ua palangonkuachim. = It was already noon but he was still in bed. Saljatchi= Midday or noon. Saljatchi ong∙pilaha= already noon. Palang= bed. Palangon= in bed. Palangonkuachim= still in bed.

Seng∙gnangkuengachim indiba anga  meatam song∙manaha. = It was still early but I have already cooked my dinner. Seng∙gnang= early. Seng∙gnangkuenga= still early. Seng∙gnangkuengachim= It was still early. Meatam = dinner or "main meal eaten after just before sunset or after sunset. Song∙manaha.= cook. Song∙manaha= finished cooking (already cooked).

Somai ong∙manaha indiba anga semankuja. = The time is up already but I have not finished writing. Somai= time.  Somai ong∙manaha = time is up. Sea= write. Semana= to finish writing. Semankuja= not finished writing yet.

Chinga uko grongna re∙angachim  indiba ua ong∙katsomanaha. = We went to see him but he has left already. Grongna = to meet. Re∙anga= go, went. Re∙angachim= went (past). Ong∙kata= went out, come out. Ong∙katsoa= The person went out or came out before the speaker could see him. Ong∙katsomanaha= already went out or came out. ______________________________________________ "Na∙a bi∙sa ong∙jahaba,  bilsi chi∙chet ong∙pilengjokde na∙ara." = "You're not a child anymore, you're already eighteen." Bi∙sa = child. Ong∙jaha/Ong∙jahaba= not anymore. Bilsi=age. Ong∙piljok/ Ong∙pilengjok/ Ong∙pilengjokde= Already happened or happening. Chi∙chet= eighteen.